Hydrometallurgical processing and recovery of molybdenum trioxide from spent catalyst   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Kyung Ho Park  B. Ramachandra Reddy  D. Mohapatra  Chul-Woo Nam 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2006,80(2-4):261-265

Hydrometallurgical processing of spent hydrodesulphurisation (HDS) catalyst for the recovery of molybdenum using sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide mixtures was investigated. The results indicated that the recovery of molybdenum was largely dependent on the concentrations of Na₂CO₃ and H₂O₂ in the reaction medium, which controls the acidity of the leach liquor and carry over of impurities such as Al, Ni, P, Si and V. Leaching process was exothermic and leaching efficiency of molybdenum decreased with increasing solid to liquid ratio. Large scale leaching of spent catalyst, under optimum conditions: 20% pulp density, 85 g/L Na₂CO₃, 10 vol.% H₂O₂ and 1 h reaction, resulted a leaching efficiency of 84% Mo. The obtained leach liquor contained (g/L): Mo — 22.0, Ni — 0.015 and Al — 0.82, P — 1.1, Si — 0.094 and minor quantities of V — 8 mg/L, As and Co — < 1 mg/L. Recovery of Mo from leach solution as MoO₃ of 97.30% purity was achieved by ammonium molybdate precipitation method.  相似文献   

Structural and nutritional heterogeneity of riparian vegetation in Patagonia (Argentina) in relation to seasonal grazing by sheep     

V.R. Utrilla  M.A. Brizuela  A.F. Cibils 《Journal of Arid Environments》2006,67(4):661-670

Riparian meadows of southern Patagonia are temporally and spatially heterogeneous habitats. They are thought to play a key role in regulating the dynamics of arid grazed steppes of the region. We conducted a 2-year study with sheep to determine the influence of two grazing conditions (deferment and spring grazing) on structural and nutritional parameters of three vegetation types apparently associated with a soil moisture gradient in a riparian meadow in southern Santa Cruz (Argentina). Spring deferment allowed forage accumulation in very moist and intermediate vegetation types by the beginning of the summer and had no detrimental impact on forage quality. Deferment had no effect on biomass accumulation of the drier vegetation type at our study site. Structural attributes of the vegetation appeared to affect spatial grazing patterns of sheep. Soil-related patchiness, rather than sheep grazing, appeared to control vegetation structure and nutritional value. The proportion of more mesic plant communities in riparian habitats of Patagonia could determine the outcome of plant–animal interactions in these systems. Practical recommendations of grazing capacity in paddocks, or more theoretical considerations of ecosystem dynamics of the Patagonian steppes need to explicitly consider the internal patchiness of riparian habitats.  相似文献   

Economic assessment of production of flour from Prosopis alba and P. pallida pods for human food applications.     

Peter Felker  Nora Grados  Gaston Cruz  Dante Prokopiuk 《Journal of Arid Environments》2003,53(4):517-528

This paper presents a detailed cost accounting of the processes involved in the production of flours from the mesocarps of the fruits of Prosopis alba and P. pallida to be used in human foods. The flours from both species are similar and contain 7–8% protein, 0·8–2% fat, 26–32% total dietary fiber and 48–59% sucrose. The data were based on actual production rates in use at the Universidad de Piura pilot plant using simple machinery. Machinery hourly charges were based on equivalent rental costs in order to avoid interest charge calculations. As opposed to other analyses which only included processing costs delivered to the plant, our analysis ascribed value to the owner of the trees in order to provide incentives to plant and care for the trees. The sensitivity analyses showed that the most economically important factor was the conversion efficiency of pods into flour. When a 40% conversion efficiency, such as that which has been obtained in both Peru and Argentina was obtained, and by-product credits for high fiber containing fraction were assumed, the wholesale selling price with a 5% marketing cost and a 40% profit direct costs was estimated to be $0·66 kg⁻¹ for Peru (using a $0·40 h⁻¹ labor rate ) and $1·76 kg⁻¹ for Argentina (using a $1·5 h⁻¹ labor rate).  相似文献   

古代生物分子在第四纪研究中的应用   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4  

赖旭龙  杨洪 《第四纪研究》2003,23(5):457-470

从第四纪化石和沉积物中获得的古代生物分子为第四纪研究者提供了丰富和独特的有关古代生物、遗传和古环境信息的定量和高分辨率的数据.过去10多年的研究证实来自第四纪材料中的各种古代生物分子的分离、鉴定和应用的能力在不断增加.文章总结了古代生物分子在第四纪研究中的最新进展,主要包括以下几个方面的内容:1)不同类型的古代生物分子在地质体中的保存和降解;2)古DNA和古蛋白序列中的生物遗传学信息;3)单体分子同位素与第四纪古环境和古气候研究;4)建于古代生物分子水平上的第四纪年代学.作者预见对第四纪地层中的原位和分散保存的古代生物分子的研究将在广度上以多分子综合研究而深度上与单体分子同位素技术相结合,为第四纪科学家们提供大量解决地质学和演化生物学问题的高精度数据.随着地球化学和分子生物学技术的不断改进以及人们对古代生物分子的降解过程和机制的进一步理解,对古代生物分子的研究无疑将进一步促进和推动第四纪科学研究的发展.  相似文献   

某地平板玻璃原料用石英砂的提纯研究     

彭光菊  黄永平  张石林  莫伟泉  黄松 《矿产与地质》2003,17(1):24-26

某地石英矿砂通过磁选分离法、稀酸浸泡法处理后，矿砂不同程度地降低了铁、铝、钙镁的含量；采用磁选分离 稀酸浸泡法联合处理后，使该地石英砂的化学成分达到了优质的生产平板玻璃用硅质原料的国家标准。  相似文献   

用于同位素测年的自生伊利石分离纯化流程探索   总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7       下载免费PDF全文

张彦  陈文  杨慧宁 《地球学报》2003,24(6):622-626

沉积岩中自生矿物与碎屑矿物的分离问题是制约沉积岩定年的主要问题之一。本文以浙江和川西地区的粘土矿物为例，介绍了沉积岩中自生伊利石与碎屑矿物的一般分离过程，具体包括悬浮液的制备过程、高速离心机的条件实验和8个样品的分级实验，确定了较佳的分级参数，并对分级后的各级别进行了X-射线衍射(XRD)分析。X-射线衍射结果表明，随着粒度的减小，各种杂质的含量都在逐渐减少，在小于0．2μm的粒级中，已检测不出石英、钾长石、钠长石、方解石、白云石等杂质的存在，其中有3个产品的成岩混层含量达到100％，说明本次实验的分离纯化流程是比较成功的。综合考虑粒度和自生伊利石的纯度，一般情况下，以0．1～0．2μg粒级的产品用于Ar-Ar和K-Ar测年较合适。但在实际进行年龄分析时，一定要先进行XRD和透射电镜分析，只有确定其成岩混层I／S的含量近100％(至少在95％以上)及混层中S的含量小于25％时，才可用于Ar—Ar和K—Ar年龄测定。  相似文献   

黑麦草在净化富营养化水的人工湿地生态工程中的作用   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

牛晓音  葛滢  常杰  关保华  徐青山 《湿地科学》2004,2(3):202-207

在人工湿地生态工程中利用黑麦草(Lolium perenne L．)净化污水，得到了较好的效果。结果表明：利用黑麦草在冬春季节的生长，可使亚热带地区人工湿地常年运行，黑麦草在3—4月份对水体就有明显的净化作用。在春夏季节，特别在5月份黑麦草可以获得较高的生物量和N、P的积累量，因而净化贡献最大。从产草量方面考虑，延长黑麦草的生长期能获得较高的生物量；从植物体所含营养物质状况和饲用价值看，增加收割次数的黑麦草N、P含量高，饲用价值高；但从黑麦草对污水中N、P的吸收和积累量方面考虑，收割次数过高则不利于黑麦草对污水的净化及N、P的累积。从上述几方面综合考虑，在黑麦草整个生长期收割次数以2．3次为宜。  相似文献   

玉米淀粉废水回收及处理研究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1  

张凤君  王爽  赵芝清  杜祥君  徐辉 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》2004,(Z1)

采用调节等电位点—超过滤组合技术对玉米淀粉废水的资源回收和处理进行研究,确定了最佳工艺参数。结果表明通过调节等电位点,可回收粗蛋白用作家禽饲料,同时废水中的CODcr、TSS和BOD5去除率分别可达48.8%、49.6%和27.2%以上,减轻了后续超过滤处理压力;通过超过滤进一步处理,出水COD、TSS和BOD去除率分别达91.3%、92.5%和95.1%。  相似文献   

纳米碳管分离提纯技术   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

杨翔 《地学前缘》2000,7(2):527-534

较详细地介绍了当前国内外纳米碳管分离提纯的最新技术 ,并分别对各种可能具有应用价值的分离方法进行了评述。在综合分析目前国际上研究纳米碳管两大类截然不同的分离技术———化学提纯法和物理提纯法———的基础上 ,提出这方面研究应该综合利用物理分离和化学分离方法 ,达到既能得到高纯度纳米碳管 ,又能减少对纳米碳管的结构破坏的最终目的。最后 ,对各国的纳米碳管分离研究现状进行了进一步的讨论。  相似文献   

Predicting grain protein content of winter wheat using remote sensing data based on nitrogen status and water stress     

《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2005,7(1):1-9

Advanced site-specific knowledge of grain protein content of winter wheat from remote sensing data would provide opportunities to manage grain harvest differently, and to maximize output by adjusting input in fields. In this study, remote sensing data were utilized to predict grain protein content. Firstly, the leaf nitrogen content at winter wheat anthesis stage was proved to be significantly correlated with grain protein content (R² = 0.36), and spectral indices significantly correlated to leaf nitrogen content at anthesis stage were potential indicators for grain protein content. The vegetation index, VI_green, derived from the canopy spectral reflectance at green and red bands, was significantly correlated to the leaf nitrogen content at anthesis stage, and also highly significantly correlated to the final grain protein content (R² = 0.46). Secondly, the external conditions, such as irrigation, fertilization and temperature, had important influence on grain quality. Water stress at grain filling stage can increase grain protein content, and leaf water content is closely related to irrigation levels, therefore, the spectral indices correlated to leaf water content can be potential indicators for grain protein content. The spectral reflectance of TM channel 5 derived from canopy spectra or image data at grain filling stage was all significantly correlated to grain protein content (R² = 0.31 and 0.37, respectively). Finally, not only this study proved the feasibility of using remote sensing data to predict grain protein content, but it also provided a tentative prediction of the grain protein content in Beijing area using the reflectance image of TM channel 5.  相似文献